Diabetes
Diabetes
The global burden of diabetes is significant and continues to rise, driven by various factors such as lifestyle changes, urbanization, and increasing life expectancy.
Prevalence:
- As of 2021, it is estimated that 537 million adults (ages 20-79) are living with diabetes globally. This number is projected to increase to 643 million by 2030 and 783 million by 2045.
- Type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90% of all diabetes cases worldwide. It is closely linked to obesity and physical inactivity.
Impact on Health:
- Diabetes is a major cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, strokes, and lower limb amputations.
- In 2019, diabetes directly caused an estimated 1.5 million deaths, with 2.2 million additional deaths being attributed to higher-than-optimal blood glucose levels.
Regional Differences:
- The highest number of people with diabetes live in the Western Pacific and Southeast Asia regions, with countries like China and India having the largest diabetes populations.
- Diabetes prevalence is increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, where health systems are often less equipped to manage the condition effectively.
Economic Burden:
- The global health expenditure on diabetes is projected to exceed $966 billion by 2030, a 16% increase from 2021. This includes costs for treatments, hospitalizations, and managing complications.
- The indirect costs, including lost productivity and premature death, further exacerbate the economic toll.
Prevention and Control:
- Healthy lifestyle changes, such as a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and avoiding tobacco use, can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes.
- Early diagnosis and effective management, including blood glucose control and regular health checkups, are key to preventing complications.
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